System Strategy

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of an information systems strategy?

1. A compilation of contact points and recovery procedures for when a failure occurs
2. A policy under which each department chooses the software it needs to suit its own operations
3. A statement, based on the business strategy, of what the information systems should be and how to realize them, from the viewpoint of overall optimization
4. A schedule fixing, hour by hour, the day's work steps and assignees for a system under development

Which of the following is not included among the four architectures composing enterprise architecture, EA?

1. Security architecture
2. Data architecture
3. Technology architecture
4. Business architecture

Among EA's four architectures, which of the following is appropriately handled by the data architecture?

1. Organizing the purposes and procedures of operations and the division of roles in the organization
2. Organizing the kinds and meanings of the data the organization handles and the relationships between data
3. Organizing the composition and functions of the software supporting operations and how it interconnects
4. Organizing the configuration of infrastructure technology such as servers and networks

Which of the following appropriately describes BPMN?

1. A notation that represents the flow of business processes with defined symbols such as start, task, and branch
2. A dedicated language for defining the names, types, and lengths of data items stored in a database
3. A schedule chart representing project work dates with horizontal bars
4. A format for writing down the configuration of network devices

Which diagram represents the flow of data in business operations, showing where data originates, which processes it passes through, and where it is stored?

1. DFD
2. Cause-and-effect diagram
3. Gantt chart
4. Pareto chart

Which initiative redesigns the flow of work itself from the ground up, unconstrained by the existing organization and procedures, aiming for major gains in efficiency and quality?

1. BPM, business process management
2. BPR, business process re-engineering
3. BCP, business continuity plan
4. BPO, business process outsourcing

Which of the following is the most appropriate characteristic of BPM, business process management?

1. Once created, work procedures are in principle never changed and are kept fixed for long periods
2. Business processes are continuously analyzed and improved, repeating PDCA to raise quality and efficiency
3. Business processes are completely rebuilt only when top management changes
4. Work procedures are reviewed only when a system failure occurs

What is the main purpose of using the common frame, SLCP-JCF?

1. To set criteria for measuring the attainment level of information security training given to employees
2. To establish international standards guaranteeing interoperability between network devices made by different manufacturers
3. To standardize the work activities and terminology from system planning through maintenance, preventing misunderstandings between the ordering side and the contracted side
4. To set criteria for measuring program execution speed under identical conditions

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of SaaS?

1. A service that lets you use the functions of finished business software over the Internet, as much as you need
2. A service that provides an application execution and development environment, where users develop and run their own apps
3. A service in which the user's purchased servers are installed in the provider's data center
4. A service that rents out only infrastructure such as servers and storage, with the user installing the OS

Among cloud services, which form has users choose and install the OS themselves and also manage the middleware and applications on top of it?

1. SaaS
2. PaaS
3. IaaS
4. BPO

You want to run applications developed in-house on an execution environment prepared by a provider, without installing or managing the OS or database yourselves. Which service form is suitable?

1. PaaS
2. IaaS
3. Housing
4. SaaS

When conducting business using SaaS, which of the following remains the user's management responsibility?

1. Handling hardware faults and failures of the servers
2. Obtaining and applying security patches provided for the OS
3. Managing the data your company has registered and the user accounts and permission settings
4. Fixing defects in the application programs

Which service installs servers your company purchased in a provider's data center and supplies power, air conditioning, network lines, and entry control?

1. Hosting
2. BPO
3. SaaS
4. Housing

Compared with on-premises systems, which of the following is a general characteristic of using cloud services?

1. Initial investment can be kept low, and resources can be changed in a short time as usage rises and falls
2. Because the equipment is installed inside your own building, it is unaffected by communication line failures
3. The equipment must be booked as company assets and depreciated
4. The hardware configuration can be freely designed to match your company's requirements

Which of the following appropriately describes SOA, service-oriented architecture?

1. The idea of building business functions as independent components, services, and combining them to construct systems
2. The idea of unifying customer inquiry contact points into one to raise the quality and speed of responses
3. A document that expresses the quality level of a provided service in figures such as availability and response time and agrees on it with the customer in advance
4. The idea of consolidating scattered servers into one machine to cut operational effort and cost

Highly confidential data is handled in an environment dedicated to your company, while processing whose load swings greatly by season is handled in an environment shared by many unspecified users. Which cloud usage form is this?

1. Community cloud
2. Public cloud
3. Hybrid cloud
4. Private cloud

Which of the following cases corresponds to BPO?

1. A provider's data center was rented as the installation site for servers the company purchased
2. The in-house user department took charge of the screen design of a business system
3. Payroll processing, including its operation, was outsourced as a whole to a specialized external company
4. PCs used in the company were purchased in bulk to lower costs

Which of the following is the most appropriate activity performed at the systemization planning stage?

1. Writing the release procedure for the production environment and verifying the rollback procedure for failures
2. Training users in how to operate the delivered system
3. Clarifying the scope of the target operations, the schedule, the organization, the approximate cost, and the expected benefits
4. Running unit tests of the programs and fixing defects

When system development is outsourced, who should play the leading role in requirements definition?

1. The vendor's operations staff
2. The user departments and executives on the ordering side
3. The external auditor who audits the system after delivery
4. The vendor's programmers

Which of the following corresponds to a functional requirement?

1. Being able to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, with availability of 99.9% or higher
2. Being able to enter order data and search and print an order list
3. Keeping the average screen response time within 1 second
4. Being able to recover within 4 hours when a failure occurs

Which of the following corresponds to a non-functional requirement?

1. Keeping the screen response time from exceeding 3 seconds even with 500 simultaneous users
2. Preventing registration of orders exceeding the credit limit set for each customer
3. Being able to output a monthly sales summary by department
4. Being able to look up the product name and unit price from the product code

Which of the following appropriately describes an RFI, a request for information?

1. A guidebook explaining to users how to use the system
2. A document in which a vendor compiles the implementation approach, development organization, schedule, and cost estimate and submits it to the orderer
3. A document exchanged after deciding the contractor to finalize the contract amount and delivery date
4. A document that, ahead of procurement, asks vendors to provide information on feasible technologies, products, approximate costs, and the like

Which of the following is the most appropriate content to include in an RFP, a request for proposal?

1. The source code of the developed programs and the commenting conventions
2. The requirements to be realized, preconditions, delivery deadline, and criteria for evaluating proposals
3. The breakdown of work effort and unit prices estimated by the vendor
4. Operating procedures for each screen of the delivered system and how to handle errors

Which of the following is the appropriate general flow when procuring a system externally?

1. Contract, then issue the RFI, then issue the RFP, then receive and evaluate proposals and quotations
2. Issue the RFI, then issue the RFP, then receive and evaluate proposals and quotations, then contract
3. Receive and evaluate proposals and quotations, then contract, then issue the RFI, then issue the RFP
4. Issue the RFP, then issue the RFI, then contract, then receive and evaluate proposals and quotations

Which of the following appropriately describes green purchasing?

1. Preferentially buying from the supplier that can deliver at the lowest price
2. Avoiding foreign-made goods and buying only domestically produced products
3. When purchasing products and services, preferentially choosing those with the smallest possible environmental impact
4. Putting delivery time first and preferentially buying from suppliers holding inventory that can ship immediately upon order

Which of the following arranges the main processes of the software life cycle in order of execution?

1. Planning, then requirements definition, then development, then operation, then maintenance
2. Planning, then development, then requirements definition, then maintenance, then operation
3. Requirements definition, then planning, then operation, then development, then maintenance
4. Development, then planning, then requirements definition, then maintenance, then operation

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of DX, digital transformation?

1. Using data and digital technology to transform products, services, business models, operations, and organizations, establishing a competitive advantage
2. Using virtualization to consolidate multiple servers into one, reducing the operating costs of equipment and floor space
3. Replacing all the PCs used in the company at once with high-performance latest models
4. Scanning invoices and application forms kept on paper into electronic files, digitizing only the storage while leaving the way of working unchanged

Which of the following initiatives corresponds to digitization?

1. Contracts kept on paper were scanned and saved as electronic files
2. Using collected operating data, the business shifted from selling equipment to a billing service based on hours of use
3. The organization's evaluation system was reformed into one that actively promotes digital talent
4. Order intake, shipping, and invoicing were connected in one system, digitizing the whole workflow and halving processing time

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of digitalization?

1. Keeping existing work procedures as they are and only upgrading the performance of the PCs used for work
2. Holding operation training for people unfamiliar with digital technology
3. Connecting the entire business process with digital technology, creating new ways of working and new customer value
4. Making handwritten slips enterable as electronic data

Which of the following most appropriately explains the characteristics of big data?

1. It refers only to tidy numerical data that fits within what spreadsheet software can handle
2. It refers only to data published by national and local governments that anyone may reuse
3. It is data whose processing to prevent identification of individuals is prohibited by law and whose handling is restricted
4. It is data of very large volume, of diverse kinds such as text, images, and location information, generated and updated at high speed

Which of the following appropriately describes open data?

1. Data aggregating personal information collected without the users' consent
2. Data encrypted so that it cannot be taken outside
3. Data protected with finely tuned access permissions so that only certain employees in the company can view it
4. Data published by national and local governments and the like under conditions and in formats that allow anyone to reuse and redistribute it

Which technique analyzes a retailer's enormous sales history and discovers previously unnoticed regularities, such as combinations of products often bought together?

1. Data migration
2. Digital divide
3. Data mining
4. Data backup

Which of the following appropriately describes EBPM?

1. An analysis method for allocating management resources across businesses
2. An effort to formulate policy based on evidence such as statistics and performance data and to verify its effects
3. An index defined by Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry so that companies can self-assess the status and maturity of their DX efforts
4. A management activity of continuously improving business processes

Which of the following appropriately describes the digital divide?

1. A mechanism that divides system users into role-based groups and grants only the permissions each needs
2. A state in which the data handled is too large to store on a single device
3. A method of storing analysis data split up by department
4. The gap in information and opportunities that arises between people who can use information and communications technology and people who cannot

Which of the following is the appropriate content of the 2025 cliff pointed out in the DX Report of Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry?

1. The problem that from 2025 onward, use of overseas cloud services by domestic companies will be restricted by law
2. The problem that the Act on the Protection of Personal Information will be completely abolished in 2025 and replaced by another system, greatly restricting companies' use of data
3. The problem that semiconductor integration will hit its physical limit in 2025, making further performance gains impossible
4. The problem that if complex, black-boxed legacy systems remain unrenewed, large economic losses will arise from 2025 onward