Which act does Article 2, paragraph 2 of the Banking Act (銀行法) list as the banking business?
Trading and underwriting securities while also receiving trading commissions from investors
Taking deposits or instalment savings together with lending funds or discounting bills
Acting as agent or intermediary in concluding insurance contracts while also receiving commissions from insurers
Storing goods received in trust in a warehouse
AnswerB. Taking deposits or instalment savings together with lending funds or discounting bills
The banking business means a business that either takes deposits or instalment savings together with lending funds or discounting bills, or carries out exchange transactions. Underwriting is the financial instruments business, and acting as agent or intermediary for insurance contracts is insurance solicitation.
Q2 | The banking licence
What procedure is required in order to carry on the banking business?
Approval from the prefectural governor
Registration with the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry
A licence from the Prime Minister
Notification to the Prime Minister
AnswerC. A licence from the Prime Minister
Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Banking Act provides that the banking business may not be carried on except by a person who has obtained a licence from the Prime Minister. What a securities company obtains is registration (Article 29 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act), a different kind of procedure.
Q3 | The three banking operations
Which combination of three operations does Article 10, paragraph 1 of the Banking Act list as the business of a bank?
Lending funds, dealing in real estate, and the travel business
Exchange transactions, insurance solicitation, and investment management
Taking deposits or instalment savings and the like, lending funds or discounting bills, and exchange transactions
Taking deposits, underwriting insurance, and underwriting securities issues
AnswerC. Taking deposits or instalment savings and the like, lending funds or discounting bills, and exchange transactions
Items 1 to 3 of Article 10, paragraph 1 are these three. Guaranteeing obligations, trading securities, money exchange and safe custody are placed in Article 10, paragraph 2 as incidental business.
Q4 | Ban on other business
What does Article 12 of the Banking Act provide?
That a bank must obtain a fresh licence from the Prime Minister each time it sets up a business office
That a bank must fix a ceiling on its lending rates in its articles of incorporation, notify the Prime Minister of it and give public notice
That a bank may also obtain an insurance business licence
That a bank may carry on no business other than the business it carries on under Articles 10 and 11 and business it carries on under other laws
AnswerD. That a bank may carry on no business other than the business it carries on under Articles 10 and 11 and business it carries on under other laws
This is the ban on other business. Fencing in by law the range of work a bank may do keeps depositors' money from being exposed to the risks of unexpected ventures.
Q5 | The purpose of a shinkin bank
Which wording is part of the purpose set out in Article 1 of the Shinkin Bank Act (信用金庫法)?
To protect investors in securities
To establish a system of banks in the form of stock companies
To establish a system of shinkin banks on a cooperative basis
To smooth the distribution of goods
AnswerC. To establish a system of shinkin banks on a cooperative basis
Article 1 sets out purposes including establishing a system of shinkin banks on a cooperative basis, so as to smooth the flow of finance for the general public and help build up their savings. The difference in form from a bank, which is a stock company, shows in this one sentence.
Q6 | Membership qualification
Regarding membership qualification under Article 10, paragraph 1 of the Shinkin Bank Act, who is excluded as a rule?
A corporation with a place of business in the shinkin bank's district that has 300 or fewer regular employees
A business operator with more than 300 regular employees (for a corporation, one that also meets the requirement on stated capital and the like)
A person engaged in work within the shinkin bank's district
An individual with a domicile or residence in the shinkin bank's district who has 300 or fewer regular employees
AnswerB. A business operator with more than 300 regular employees (for a corporation, one that also meets the requirement on stated capital and the like)
Membership qualification runs to persons with a domicile or residence in the district, persons with a place of business in the district, persons engaged in work in the district and the like, and business operators with more than 300 regular employees are excluded as a rule (for a corporation, the requirement on stated capital and the like is looked at as well).
Q7 | Shinkin lending
Which is a correct statement of the business of a shinkin bank under Article 53, paragraph 1 of the Shinkin Bank Act?
Underwriting insurance
Underwriting securities issues
Lending funds to members
Lending funds to anyone at all, without restriction
AnswerC. Lending funds to members
Article 53, paragraph 1 lists taking deposits or instalment savings, lending funds to members, discounting bills for members, and exchange transactions. Deposits may be taken from non-members too, but lending is in principle to members, and that is the difference from a bank.
Q8 | Credit cooperatives
Which is a correct statement of the business of a credit cooperative under Article 9-8, paragraph 1 of the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Cooperatives Act (中小企業等協同組合法)?
Running a second-class freight forwarding business for members
Underwriting life insurance with members as the insured
Taking deposits or instalment savings from members
Deposits taken without restriction from anyone, member or not
AnswerC. Taking deposits or instalment savings from members
That paragraph lists lending funds to members, discounting bills for members, and taking deposits or instalment savings from members, among others. That taking deposits is also in principle limited to members is the difference from a shinkin bank.
Q9 | MUFG Bank
Which combination of 4 banks does MUFG Bank, Ltd. (株式会社三菱UFJ銀行) describe on its official website as the origins of the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, set up in 2006?
Mitsubishi Bank, Sumitomo Bank, Sanwa Bank, Dai-Ichi Bank
Bank of Tokyo, Sakura Bank, Tokai Bank, Fuji Bank
Mitsubishi Bank, Industrial Bank of Japan, Tokai Bank, Kobe Bank
Mitsubishi Bank, Bank of Tokyo, Sanwa Bank, Tokai Bank
AnswerD. Mitsubishi Bank, Bank of Tokyo, Sanwa Bank, Tokai Bank
The company explains that, after the merger was announced in 2004, the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, whose origins lie in Mitsubishi Bank, the Bank of Tokyo, Sanwa Bank and Tokai Bank, was set up in 2006, and that the name was changed to MUFG Bank in April 2018.
Q10 | Sumitomo Mitsui
Which merger brought Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (株式会社三井住友銀行) into being in April 2001?
Sakura Bank and Tokai Bank
Sumitomo Bank and Sakura Bank
Mitsui Bank and Taiyo Kobe Bank
Sumitomo Bank and Sanwa Bank
AnswerB. Sumitomo Bank and Sakura Bank
The record of the SMBC Group gives Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation as coming into being in April 2001 through the merger of Sumitomo Bank and Sakura Bank. The merger of Mitsui Bank and Taiyo Kobe Bank was in 1990 and produced the forerunner of Sakura Bank.
Q11 | The door into securities
What procedure is required in order to carry on a financial instruments business?
Notification to the prefectural governor
Registration with the Prime Minister
A licence from the Prime Minister
Permission from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
AnswerB. Registration with the Prime Minister
Article 29 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act provides that a financial instruments business may not be carried on except by a person registered with the Prime Minister. Banking and insurance take a licence, whereas securities takes registration, and that is the difference.
Q12 | Type I
Where securities underwriting is carried on as a business, which category does it fall into under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act?
Investment management business
Type I financial instruments business
Investment advisory and agency business
Type II financial instruments business
AnswerB. Type I financial instruments business
Article 28, paragraph 1 lists, alongside dealing in securities and acting as intermediary, broker or agent for such dealing, the underwriting of securities as Type I financial instruments business. What are commonly called securities companies are registered in this category.
Q13 | Brokerage
Which describes the brokerage business of a securities company, executing trades on behalf of clients?
Taking clients' orders and acting as intermediary, broker or agent in the trading of securities
Concluding an investment advisory contract with a client and giving continuous advice on the value of securities
Acquiring securities from the issuer and selling them to investors, taking any unsold portion onto its own books
Trading securities with the firm's own money and bearing the resulting gains and losses itself
AnswerA. Taking clients' orders and acting as intermediary, broker or agent in the trading of securities
Trading with the firm's own money is proprietary trading, the dealer business; acquiring from the issuer and selling is underwriting; and giving advice belongs to the investment advisory and agency business.
Q14 | Underwriting
Which is an appropriate feature of the underwriting of securities as the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act uses the term?
Merely advising investors, and neither acquiring nor offering securities at all
It is nothing more than trading already-issued securities on the market
It includes contracting to acquire any remaining portion where there is no other acquirer, so the risk of unsold securities is borne
Merely passing on orders received from clients, acquiring no securities and bearing no inventory risk at all
AnswerC. It includes contracting to acquire any remaining portion where there is no other acquirer, so the risk of unsold securities is borne
Article 28, paragraph 7 treats as underwriting such things as acquiring all or part of securities from the issuer or the owner with a view to having others acquire them, and contracting to acquire any remaining portion where there is no other acquirer. Taking the unsold portion is what separates it from merely handling an offering or a secondary distribution.
Q15 | Nomura Securities
Which year does Nomura Holdings, Inc. (野村ホールディングス株式会社) give on its official website as the year Nomura Securities was established?
1925
1949
1878
1902
AnswerA. 1925
The company explains that the business traces back to a money-changing house started by the first Tokushichi Nomura, and that the second Tokushichi Nomura, who took it over, established Nomura Securities in 1925 with a staff of 89.
Q16 | Insurance licences
What kinds of insurance business licence does Article 3, paragraph 2 of the Insurance Business Act (保険業法) provide for?
Two kinds: the life insurance business licence and the non-life insurance business licence
One kind only, the life insurance business licence
Three kinds: life insurance, non-life insurance, and accident insurance business licences
No kinds of licence are provided for
AnswerA. Two kinds: the life insurance business licence and the non-life insurance business licence
The insurance business may not be carried on except by a person licensed by the Prime Minister (Article 3, paragraph 1), and that licence comes in two kinds, the life insurance business licence and the non-life insurance business licence (paragraph 2 of the same article).
Q17 | Life and non-life kept apart
What does Article 3, paragraph 3 of the Insurance Business Act provide?
That a non-life insurance company may not use agencies and must solicit business only through its own employees
That the life insurance business licence and the non-life insurance business licence may not be held by the same person
That a life insurance company must be a stock company and may not take the form of a mutual company
That an insurance company must obtain a banking licence in addition to its insurance business licence
AnswerB. That the life insurance business licence and the non-life insurance business licence may not be held by the same person
Because of this one sentence, life and non-life insurers are separate companies. That is why it is common to see a life subsidiary and a non-life subsidiary sitting side by side within one group.
Q18 | Mutual companies
Which is the correct description of a mutual company (相互会社) under Article 2, paragraph 5 of the Insurance Business Act?
A special corporation set up with state funding and placed in the Insurance Business Act with the purpose of carrying on the insurance business
An association set up under the Insurance Business Act with the purpose of carrying on the insurance business, whose members are its policyholders
A cooperative set up under the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Cooperatives Act whose members contribute capital and thereby become its members
A stock company set up under the Companies Act whose members are its shareholders, with the purpose of carrying on the insurance business
AnswerB. An association set up under the Insurance Business Act with the purpose of carrying on the insurance business, whose members are its policyholders
In a mutual company the policyholders are the members. Life insurers whose names include sōgo kaisha (相互会社), such as Nippon Life Insurance Company, take this form.
Q19 | Non-life agencies
Which is part of the requirements for a non-life insurance agent (損害保険代理店) under Article 2, paragraph 21 of the Insurance Business Act?
Not being an officer or employee of the non-life insurance company
Being an employee of the non-life insurance company
Holding a life insurance business licence
Holding a licence from the Prime Minister
AnswerA. Not being an officer or employee of the non-life insurance company
A non-life insurance agent is a person who, entrusted by a non-life insurance company, acts as agent or intermediary for that company in concluding insurance contracts, and who is not an officer or employee of that company. The point is that this is a position independent of the company's own sales staff.
Q20 | Nippon Life
Which event of 1889 (Meiji 22, 明治22年) does Nippon Life Insurance Company (日本生命保険相互会社) record on its official website as its founding?
The launch of Japan's first motor insurance
Conversion into a mutual company
The listing of its shares on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
The establishment of Nippon Life Assurance Company, Limited
AnswerD. The establishment of Nippon Life Assurance Company, Limited
The official website records that the application to found the company was accepted by the Governor of Osaka on July 4, 1889, and that business began on September 20 of the same year. Japan's first motor insurance appeared in 1914 on the Tokio Marine side.
Q21 | Tokio Marine
Which event does Tokio Marine and Nichido Fire Insurance Co., Ltd. (東京海上日動火災保険株式会社) record in its history for August 1879 (Meiji 12, 明治12年)?
Mitsubishi Marine and Fire Insurance Co., Ltd. was established
Japan's first motor insurance appeared
Tokio Marine Insurance Company was founded as Japan's first insurance company
Meiji Fire Insurance Co., Ltd. was established
AnswerC. Tokio Marine Insurance Company was founded as Japan's first insurance company
The history records that Tokio Marine Insurance Company was founded in August 1879 as Japan's first insurance company. Meiji Fire Insurance was established in 1891, Mitsubishi Marine and Fire Insurance in 1919, and Japan's first motor insurance appeared in 1914.
Q22 | ORIX
In the history of ORIX Corporation (オリックス株式会社), what was the name of the company established in 1964?
ORIX Rentec Corporation
Orient Leasing Co., Ltd.
The Toyo Trust and Banking Company, Limited
ORIX Auto Corporation
AnswerB. Orient Leasing Co., Ltd.
The company's history states that Orient Leasing Co., Ltd. was established in April 1964 with investment from 3 trading houses and 5 banks, and that this is today's ORIX Corporation. The forerunner of ORIX Auto was established in 1973 and the company renting electronic measuring instruments in 1976.
Q23 | Card payments
Which appropriately describes the mechanism of comprehensive credit purchase intermediation (包括信用購入あつせん) under the Installment Sales Act (割賦販売法)?
Issuing a card or the like to a user, paying the member merchant the amount of the purchases the user makes there, and receiving that amount from the user by a time fixed in advance
Buying goods in from member merchants in advance as one's own inventory, selling them to users in one's own stores, and receiving the price by a time fixed in advance
Taking deposits from users and lending them to other users
Lending cash to the user, taking repayment with interest by a time fixed in advance, and paying member merchants nothing corresponding to the purchase price
AnswerA. Issuing a card or the like to a user, paying the member merchant the amount of the purchases the user makes there, and receiving that amount from the user by a time fixed in advance
Three parties appear, the card company, the member merchant and the user, and the heart of it is shifting the timing of payment. Where no card is used and the advance is conditional on a sale by a particular seller, it is called individual credit purchase intermediation (paragraph 4 of the same article).
Q24 | Money lending registration
Where a person seeking to run a money lending business sets up business offices in two or more prefectures, with whom must the registration be made?
The Prime Minister
The governor of the prefecture where the head office is located
The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry
AnswerA. The Prime Minister
Article 3, paragraph 1 of the Money Lending Business Act (貸金業法) provides that registration must be made with the Prime Minister where business or other offices are placed in two or more prefectures, and with the governor of the prefecture having jurisdiction over the location where there is only one prefecture. The registration must be renewed every three years (paragraph 2 of the same article).
Q25 | The total volume rule
Which is the correct criterion for an excessive lending contract to an individual (個人過剰貸付契約) under Article 13-2 of the Money Lending Business Act?
One under which the individual customer's total outstanding borrowings would come to more than one third of annual income such as salary
One under which the interest rate on the loan to the individual customer would exceed 20 percent a year
One under which the individual customer's total outstanding borrowings would come to more than half of annual income such as salary
One under which the period for repaying the principal of the loan to the individual customer would exceed 5 years
AnswerA. One under which the individual customer's total outstanding borrowings would come to more than one third of annual income such as salary
Contracts prescribed by Cabinet Office Order, such as housing loan contracts, are excluded. A money lender must not conclude a contract where it is found to be a loan beyond the borrower's ability to repay.
Q26 | Investment trusts
Which is the correct description of an investment trust managed under instructions from the settlor (委託者指図型投資信託) under the Act on Investment Trusts and Investment Corporations?
An association whose members are its policyholders
A deposit taken by a bank with the principal guaranteed, to be repaid with interest whenever the depositor asks for it back
A trust in which the trustee invests the trust property in specified assets without instructions from the settlor, with the purpose of dividing the beneficial interest and having several persons acquire it
A trust in which the trust property is invested in specified assets under instructions from the settlor, with the purpose of dividing the beneficial interest and having several persons acquire it
AnswerD. A trust in which the trust property is invested in specified assets under instructions from the settlor, with the purpose of dividing the beneficial interest and having several persons acquire it
This is the definition in Article 2, paragraph 1. One managed without instructions from the settlor is an investment trust managed without instructions from the settlor (paragraph 2 of the same article), and the two together are called investment trusts (paragraph 3 of the same article).
Q27 | Trust banks
What procedure does a bank or other financial institution need in order to carry on trust business?
Registration with the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
Approval from the Prime Minister
A licence from the prefectural governor
No procedure is required
AnswerB. Approval from the Prime Minister
Article 1, paragraph 1 of the Act on Engagement in Trust Business by Financial Institutions provides that a bank or other financial institution prescribed by Cabinet Order may carry on trust business and the businesses in the items of that paragraph with the approval of the Prime Minister. A trust bank is a banking licence with trust approval laid on top of it.
Q28 | The Financial Services Agency
Which is part of the mission of the Financial Services Agency under Article 3, paragraph 1 of the Act for Establishment of the Financial Services Agency?
Securing the stability of the financial function, protecting depositors, policyholders, investors in securities and the like, and smoothing the flow of finance
Promoting more efficient logistics and a lighter environmental load, fostering the sound development of the motor truck transportation and warehousing businesses, and securing safety in transport
Promoting small and medium retail business, supporting the development of shopping streets and the grouping of stores, making the running of chain businesses proper, and protecting the interests of consumers
Securing safety in the motor truck transportation business
AnswerA. Securing the stability of the financial function, protecting depositors, policyholders, investors in securities and the like, and smoothing the flow of finance
Its affairs under jurisdiction include the inspection and other supervision of those carrying on the banking business, shinkin banks and credit cooperatives, those carrying on the insurance business and the like (Article 4 of the same Act).
Q29 | Deposit insurance
For general deposits and the like under the Deposit Insurance Act, what is the ceiling on the principal covered by insurance?
3 million yen
5 million yen
10 million yen
20 million yen
AnswerC. 10 million yen
Article 54, paragraph 2 of the Deposit Insurance Act provides that, where the amount of principal exceeds the insurance reference amount prescribed by Cabinet Order, the insurance payout is the reference amount plus the corresponding interest and the like, and Article 6-3 of the Order for Enforcement of the Deposit Insurance Act sets that amount at 10 million yen.
Q30 | Payment and settlement deposits
Which is not given by Article 51-2, paragraph 1 of the Deposit Insurance Act as a requirement for a payment and settlement deposit?
That no interest is attached to it
That it can be used for settlement
That the depositor can demand repayment at any time
That it is denominated in a foreign currency
AnswerD. That it is denominated in a foreign currency
A payment and settlement deposit is a deposit meeting all three requirements: that it can be used for settlement, that repayment can be demanded at any time, and that no interest is attached. Foreign currency deposits and other deposits prescribed by Cabinet Order are, on the contrary, excluded from this definition.
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