Karinoya Learning Room

Work Life & Job Hunting · Job Hunting Practice Lab

Finding Jobs and Reading Job Listings

Read the questions and explanations in English. The lectures (explanatory articles) are available in Japanese only.

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Q1 | Registering online

You registered as a job seeker on the Hello Work Internet Service (ハローワークインターネットサービス) without visiting an office. Which statement about your status is correct?

  1. Registration can only be done at an office, so the online entry is just a temporary record and you cannot even search job listings
  2. You can register, but you become an "online registrant" (オンライン登録者) and some My Page functions are unavailable; after being checked by staff at Hello Work, you become a "registered user" (利用登録者)
  3. Registering online gives you every My Page function right away, exactly the same as registering at an office
  4. People without a My Number Card cannot register as job seekers online
AnswerB. You can register, but you become an "online registrant" (オンライン登録者) and some My Page functions are unavailable; after being checked by staff at Hello Work, you become a "registered user" (利用登録者)

You can apply as a job seeker and open My Page online without going to Hello Work. In that case you are an online registrant, some My Page functions are not available, and you become a registered user with full access after staff at Hello Work check your details. The idea that registration is only possible at an office is wrong; online registrants can search and save job listings. Full access is not immediate. A My Number Card is not a requirement for registering; you can open My Page using your email address as your ID.

Q2 | Online self-application

Which statement correctly describes Hello Work's "online self-application" (オンライン自主応募)?

  1. A service in which Hello Work staff check your preferences and send matching job listings to your My Page
  2. A function that lets you apply from My Page to every job listing registered with Hello Work
  3. A function that automatically issues a Hello Work referral letter when you apply from My Page, so the application counts as a job referral
  4. A function for applying directly from My Page to a listing you found yourself, without a Hello Work referral; only listings that accept self-applications are eligible
AnswerD. A function for applying directly from My Page to a listing you found yourself, without a Hello Work referral; only listings that accept self-applications are eligible

Online self-application lets job seekers apply directly to listings they found themselves, without a Hello Work referral, and it is limited to listings that accept self-applications. Staff sending recommended listings is a different service, the online Hello Work referral. You cannot apply to every listing this way. A self-application is not a job referral and no referral letter is issued, so any trouble arising from the application is basically handled between you and the employer.

Q3 | Online Hello Work referral

Which statement about the "online Hello Work referral" (オンラインハローワーク紹介) available through My Page is correct?

  1. Only registered users are eligible, and the application deadline for a referred listing is one week in principle
  2. Anyone with My Page, including online registrants, is eligible, and there is no application deadline
  3. Only registered users are eligible, but you can apply to a referred listing at any time until the listing is withdrawn
  4. It is a service in which you choose a listing yourself, and Hello Work then sends you a referral letter for it
AnswerA. Only registered users are eligible, and the application deadline for a referred listing is one week in principle

The online Hello Work referral is a job referral in which staff check your preferences and send listings they judge suitable to your My Page, and only registered users can use it. Referred listings have an application deadline, one week in principle; after that the listing disappears from My Page and you can no longer apply. Online registrants are not eligible, and the idea of no deadline is wrong. A listing can also be withdrawn before the deadline, but that does not mean there is no deadline. Choosing a listing yourself is how self-application works; in this service, staff choose the listings and send them.

Q4 | Private placement agencies and fees

Which statement about private employment placement agencies (such as recruitment agencies) is correct?

  1. No license is needed to start the business, so anyone can freely provide job placement
  2. Job seekers usually pay a registration fee when they sign up, regardless of the type of job
  3. A license from the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare is required, and fees may be charged to job seekers only in limited cases, such as entertainers and models, or managers earning more than 7 million yen a year
  4. In principle, the agency collects a success fee from the job seeker, a percentage of annual salary, when a job offer is made
AnswerC. A license from the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare is required, and fees may be charged to job seekers only in limited cases, such as entertainers and models, or managers earning more than 7 million yen a year

A fee-charging placement business needs a license from the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, and fees may be collected from job seekers only for entertainers, models, managers, scientists/engineers and highly skilled workers. For managers, scientists/engineers and highly skilled workers, this applies only when the annual pay of the job obtained exceeds 7 million yen. The claim that no license is needed is wrong. Registration fees are not the norm; outside the limited cases, no fee may be received under any name. The idea that job seekers pay a success fee is also wrong, because fees are in principle paid by the employer.

Q5 | The wage field and take-home pay

On a Hello Work job listing, how should you read the amount shown as the pay received every month?

  1. It is the base salary only and does not include allowances or fixed overtime pay
  2. It is take-home pay, after income tax and social insurance contributions have already been deducted
  3. It is the total of base salary, fixed allowances and fixed overtime pay, and income tax, social insurance contributions and so on will be deducted from it
  4. It is the maximum you can receive in a month, including commuting allowance and expected overtime pay
AnswerC. It is the total of base salary, fixed allowances and fixed overtime pay, and income tax, social insurance contributions and so on will be deducted from it

The amount paid every month is the total of base salary (a), fixed allowances (b) and fixed overtime pay (c), and income tax, social insurance contributions and so on are deducted from the amount shown. It is not the base salary alone. Reading it as take-home pay is a typical misunderstanding; what you actually receive is the amount after deductions. Commuting allowance and overtime pay beyond the fixed overtime hours are added separately, so it is not a maximum either.

Q6 | Fixed overtime pay

A job listing says: "Base salary 180,000 yen; fixed overtime pay 40,000 yen (for 20 hours a month)." Which statement correctly describes this fixed overtime pay?

  1. It pays 20 hours of overtime in advance as a fixed amount; it is paid even in months with no overtime, and overtime beyond 20 hours is paid separately
  2. No matter how many hours of overtime you work, overtime pay stops at 40,000 yen
  3. It is paid only in months when you actually work overtime, so the 40,000 yen is not paid in months with no overtime
  4. Having fixed overtime pay means you must always work up to 20 hours of overtime every month
AnswerA. It pays 20 hours of overtime in advance as a fixed amount; it is paid even in months with no overtime, and overtime beyond 20 hours is paid separately

Fixed overtime pay is a fixed amount paid for a set number of overtime hours, whether or not overtime is actually worked. For overtime beyond the set hours (here, 20 hours a month), the employer must pay extra. The idea that pay stops at 40,000 yen is wrong. So is the idea that it is not paid in months without overtime, since it is paid regardless. Fixed overtime pay is a payment rule and does not oblige you to work 20 hours of overtime. Check the hours and amount in the notes on fixed overtime pay (固定残業代に関する特記事項).

Q7 | Reading the two-day weekend field

On a Hello Work job listing, the field for the two-days-off-a-week system (週休二日制) says "Other" (その他). How should you read this?

  1. It is a full two-days-off-every-week system, with Saturday and Sunday always off
  2. It is not a two-days-off system; you get only one day off a week
  3. The company does not set days off, so you can choose any two days each week
  4. It is a two-days-off system other than the full weekly type, so you do not necessarily get two days off every week
AnswerD. It is a two-days-off system other than the full weekly type, so you do not necessarily get two days off every week

The field shows "Every week" (毎週) for a full two-days-off-every-week system (完全週休二日制), "Other" for any other form of two-days-off system, and "None" (なし) if there is no such system. "Other" does not guarantee two days off every week. A full weekly system is shown as "Every week", and even then the days off are not necessarily Saturday and Sunday, for example in sales or service jobs. If there is no two-days-off system, the field says "None". The label does not mean you can choose your own days off. Check the annual number of holidays as well.

Q8 | Conditions during probation

A job listing says: "Probation: yes (3 months). Monthly salary 190,000 yen during probation; 200,000 yen after formal hiring." Which statement about this wording is correct?

  1. Since the probation salary is 190,000 yen, it means the salary after formal hiring has not been decided yet
  2. Because conditions differ during probation and after formal hiring, it shows each set of conditions separately
  3. Listings with a probation period do not need to state the salary during probation, so this wording includes unnecessary information
  4. It is normal to learn the conditions during probation only after you join the company
AnswerB. Because conditions differ during probation and after formal hiring, it shows each set of conditions separately

When working conditions during probation differ from those after formal hiring, both sets of conditions are to be shown, and this example is exactly that kind of wording. The salary after formal hiring is stated as 200,000 yen, so it is not undecided. The idea that the probation salary need not be shown is wrong; probation is one of the items to be shown when recruiting. It is also wrong that you normally learn the conditions only after joining, since they are to be shown at the recruitment stage.

Q9 | Items added in April 2024

For job listings from April 1, 2024 onward, which set of working conditions was newly added to the items shown on a job listing?

  1. The scope of possible changes to duties, the scope of possible changes to the workplace, and the criteria for renewing a fixed-term contract (including any cap on total contract period or number of renewals)
  2. Wages, working hours and days off
  3. The scope of possible changes to duties, the scope of possible changes to the workplace, and the company's sales and number of employees
  4. Hours covered by fixed overtime pay, the probation period, and measures against secondhand smoke
AnswerA. The scope of possible changes to duties, the scope of possible changes to the workplace, and the criteria for renewing a fixed-term contract (including any cap on total contract period or number of renewals)

For job openings submitted on or after April 1, 2024, three items must be shown: the scope of possible changes to duties, the scope of possible changes to the workplace, and the criteria for renewing a fixed-term contract, including any cap on the total contract period or number of renewals. Wages, working hours and days off are basic items that were required before. Sales and number of employees were not added as working conditions. Fixed overtime pay, probation and secondhand-smoke measures were already required before April 2024.

Q10 | The paid leave field

The annual paid leave field on a job listing says "At hiring: 0 days; after 6 months: 10 days." How should you read this?

  1. It is a record showing that employees at this company actually take an average of 10 days of paid leave a year
  2. You can use 10 days of paid leave right after joining
  3. It shows the number of days you are able to take, not the number of days actually taken
  4. It means paid leave can be used only on days the company designates
AnswerC. It shows the number of days you are able to take, not the number of days actually taken

The paid leave field shows the number of days available at hiring and after six months; it is not a record of days actually taken. Reading it as an average of 10 days taken is wrong. Because it says 0 days at hiring, you cannot use 10 days right after joining. The field shows numbers of days and says nothing about the company designating when leave is used. If you want to know how easy it is to take leave, check the actual usage separately.

Practice: answer the questions on this page

This practice tool asks questions in random order (it works when JavaScript is enabled). You can still read all the questions and explanations above without it.

* The explanations are information for study purposes. Systems and procedures change, so always check the latest official information from Hello Work (ハローワーク), the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and other official sources. Hiring practices differ from company to company.

This page is a translation of the Japanese original. If the translation and the original differ, the Japanese version takes precedence. This translation was made with AI and may contain errors. Report a translation error View the Japanese original